The diagram illustrates a typical system type of horizontally developed residential buildings, characterized by the presence of multiple rooms per floor. In these contexts, the production of domestic hot water (DHW) is centralised and takes place through a domestic kettle located in a technical room, combined with an electronic mixing valve (EMV) for automatic temperature regulation.

The distribution of DHW and domestic cold water (AFS) is developed through vertical uprights with horizontal branches inserted in the false ceilings. In this configuration, recirculation is only present along the uprights, while the horizontal pipes are not recirculated. To prevent water cooling and ensure fast delivery times, these horizontal sections are equipped with heating cables. This measure keeps the water at a temperature and improves the comfort perceived by users.

To regulate the pressure inside the individual apartments, the diagram provides for the insertion of pressure reducers on the floor, placed at the outlet of the uprights, to protect the horizontal distribution and the terminals. The presence of several upright columns requires a correct balance of the recirculation, obtained by means of thermostatic regulators installed at the base of the main detachments.

Although the system allows a centralized management of thermal disinfection thanks to the electronic mixer, this configuration does not allow the circulation of high-temperature water in the horizontal sections of the individual floors, for safety reasons. To avoid stagnation and ensure frequent flushing in the terminals, it is useful to adopt ring distribution systems in the rooms, which favour the continuity of water movement and the hygienic-sanitary quality of the network.